大空间飞机修理厂房分层空调的可行性分析

本文以某大空间飞机修理厂房为研究对象,采用Airpak软件对其原始分层空调设计方案气流组织进行模拟,并对方案可行性进行评价。     

论高校人事制度的创新点

高校人事制度改革是高校管理体制改革的核心,其关键在于合理配置人力资源,激活用人制度和分配制度,理顺人事管理体制,建立竞争激励机制。现行人事制度及运行效果表明,目前高校人事制度在科学化与制度化方面仍有亟待创新的空间,尤其是事关全局的核心制度在制度点上亟待创新。     

On dividends in the phase–type dual risk model

The dual risk model assumes that the surplus of a company decreases at a constant rate over time, and grows by means of upward jumps which occur at random times with random sizes. In the present work, we study the dual risk renewal model when the waiting times are phase-type distributed. Using the roots of the fundamental and the generalized Lundberg’s equations, we get expressions for the ruin probability and the Laplace transform of the time of ruin for an arbitrary single gain distribution. Then, we address the calculation of expected discounted future dividends particularly when the individual common gains follow a phase-type distribution. We further show that the optimal dividend barrier does not depend on the initial reserve. As far as the roots of the Lundberg equations and the time of ruin are concerned, we address the existing formulae in the corresponding Sparre-Andersen insurance risk model for the first hitting time, and we generalize them to cover also the situations where we have multiple roots. We do that working a new approach and technique, approach we also use for working the dividends, unlike others, it can be also applied for every situation.     

供需结构优化、分配结构演化与2035年共同富裕目标展望

共同富裕是社会主义的本质要求,中国推动经济社会发展,归根结底是要实现全体人民共同富裕。新发展阶段下中国既要优化供需结构以加快构建新发展格局,又要改善分配结构以全面贯彻新发展理念,而供需结构优化与分配结构演化又是紧密关联的。本文建立了一个包含供给结构、需求结构和分配结构的多部门动态一般均衡模型,将分配结构演化分解到供给结构与需求结构转型上,提出了需求结构通过影响供给结构进而影响分配结构的理论机制。本文对近三十年全球四十余个经济体劳动收入份额和技能溢价的演化进行了发展核算,展示了中国分配结构演化的特征事实、供需动因与国际比较。研究发现,中国分配结构演化道路具有一定的特殊性:一方面,劳动收入份额转为上升,供给侧(需求侧)最主要的推动力是持续提高的劳动密集型产业(消费品)的劳动密集程度;另一方面,技能溢价不断扩大,供给侧(需求侧)最主要的推动力是持续提高的产业内部(消费品)的技能密集程度;供需结构转型在其中也发挥了重要作用。本文还基于历史趋势定量预测了未来中国分配结构的演化趋势,为实现2035年共同富裕目标提供了现实依据与政策参考。     

中国绿色产业发展演进特征及数字普惠金融支持分析

为探究中国绿色产业发展现状、空间差异、分布动态演进及数字普惠金融支持效应,论文基于变异系数—层次分析法测度绿色产业发展水平,通过空间Moran’s I指数、Dagum基尼系数及Kernel密度估计分析其空间差异及分布动态,继而利用空间杜宾模型分析数字普惠金融对绿色产业发展的影响。结果表明,绿色产业发展水平正在快速提升,但存在明显空间差异及“俱乐部”发展特征,东、中、西部地区呈梯度递减演进趋势,且整体及东、西部地区具有明显多级分化现象;数字普惠金融能促进整体及东、中部地区绿色产业发展,对西部地区则有抑制作用。对此,应充分重视绿色产业发展的空间差异、分布特征及数字普惠金融异质性支撑作用,强化省份间的区域协调发展效应,实现绿色产业高质量发展。     

Fiscal policy,government debt,and economic growth in the Kaleckian model of growth and distribution

This article presents the Kaleckian model of growth and distribution that sets a budget deficit ratio as an indicator of fiscal policy and examines the short- and long-run effects of an increase in budget deficits and a rise in income tax rates on the economy. The key short-run outcomes are as follows. First, expanded budget deficits have a positive effect on the rate of capacity utilization. Second, the tax rate for wage income does not affect the rate of capacity utilization, whereas the tax rate for capital income has a favorable impact on it. This result implies that raising the tax rate for capital income can be an important policy instrument for stimulating the economy. Third, we find that the economy exhibits a wage-led aggregate demand in the short run. The main long-run results are as follows. First, the effect of expanded budget deficits on the growth rate is ambiguous, since a higher debt burden negatively influences the rate of capacity utilization and hence economic growth, despite the increase in demand caused by government borrowing. A higher budget deficit ratio thus raises the growth rate only if a certain condition is satisfied. Second, the tax rate for capital income has a positive impact on the growth rate. Third, the economy shows a wage-led growth in the long run.     

基于SOPARC和KDE的游客游憩行为研究——以武汉东湖绿道为例

以武汉东湖绿道湖中道为对象,采用游憩行为观察法(SOPARC)分析游客游憩行为特征和绿道使用影响因素,运用核密度估算法(KDE)研究游客的空间分布特征。研究结果表明：1)绿道的使用对象非常广泛,对不同年龄和性别的游客均具有较好的吸引力;2)绿道居民和游客出行陪伴状况及性别与社会关系密切相关,社会交往需求成为绿道游客游憩活动的重要影响因素;3)游客活动类型选择受年龄和活动强度的影响,青少年群体偏好活动水平较高的运动,年长的游客趋向于选择强度较低的活动;4)闲暇与否成为影响游客和居民出行的重要因素;5)游客空间分布特征表明,风光优美的自然景点、亲水平台、开阔广场、可达性高的驿站等是绿道的高使用密度空间。以此为基础,提出以游憩者行为特征与偏好为导向的城市公园规划管理对策与建议。     

The Gender Wealth Gap in Europe: Application of Machine Learning to Predict Individual-level Wealth

This article provides comparative estimates of the gender wealth gaps for 22 European countries, employing data from the Household Finance and Consumption Survey. The data on wealth are collected at the household level, while individual-level data are needed for the estimates of gender wealth gaps. We propose a novel approach using machine learning and model averaging methods to predict individual-level wealth data for multi-person households. Our results suggest that random forest performs best as the predicting tool for this exercise, outperforming elastic net and Bayesian model averaging. The estimated gender wealth gaps tend to be in favor of men, especially at the top of the wealth distribution. Men have 24 percent more wealth than women on average. We also find that a high home ownership rate is associated with a smaller country-level gender wealth gap. Our estimates suggest that the individual-level wealth inequality is on average 3 pp higher than the household-level wealth inequality in multi-member households.     

循环经济背景下的绿色物流发展策略研究

随着我国经济的迅速增长,资源与环境制约传统经济增长的态势之下,循环经济成为必然选择。然而,"第三利润源泉"——物流,在广泛开展的同时产生诸多负面影响,显然与循环经济相悖。资源的短缺,政府、社会对环境问题的广泛关注与管制,使绿色物流成为必然选择。     

An Exploration of Opportunities for the Growth of the Fair Trade Market: Three Cases of Craft Organisations

Businesses that maintain ethical standards have an advantage in the marketplace based on the increasing interest of consumers in products that have a social and ethical component. Fair trade organisations that adopt environmental, social and ethical principles in trading are in a good position to make the most of this growing interest in the market. However, it is unclear whether fair trade organisations are taking full advantage of emerging market opportunities for ethically traded products. This research explores this issue by describing the business strategies of three fair trade organisations that import and sell craft goods into Western countries and evaluates them in the context of this growing market. The research findings indicate that in order to remain in business, fair trade craft organisations have had to adopt better business practices in recent years, improving quality, customer service and product offerings to customers. However, growth appears to be limited, as distribution remains focused on a small, niche market. This paper explores the distribution strategies of two fair trade commodity organisations that are successfully reaching a wider customer base, demonstrating that fair trade products have a unique selling advantage in the mainstream marketplace. In conclusion, fair trade craft organisations are not exploiting this market opportunity to the degree they should and will need to explore wider distribution and alternative business strategies to expand their market share.Debora Randall completed her Masters of Management at Massey University, in Auckland, New Zealand. She is currently using her interests in business and community development to work towards practical economic solutions to poverty. She is living in Vancouver, Canada where she is working on a number of community economic development initiatives.